How do I reference generative Artifical Intelligence (AI) tools in OSCOLA style?
Answer
Guidance on how to cite generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools is an evolving area and as yet there is little general agreement on how to reference it. We will continue to review and update guidance, so please check back for updates.
There is no official guidance on how to reference AI for OSCOLA. Currently we recommend referencing the use of any AI software/tool as follows:
In text example: (Footnote):
Microsoft Copilot response to prompt ‘what is the law in the England regarding safe use of drones?’ (3 September 2025).
In the reference list:
Microsoft Copilot, ‘Copilot response to author’ < https://copilot.microsoft.com > accessed: 3 September 2025.
NB: You may also put the full text of long responses from AI tools in an appendix of your paper or in online supplemental materials, so readers have access to the exact text that was generated. Please check with your Department if this is a requirement.